A Ph.D. in Ecology is a research-based program that studies ecosystems, biodiversity, and organism-environment interactions. The curriculum typically lasts 3 to 5 years and covers topics such as population dynamics, conservation biology, ecosystem services, and environmental change. Students do fieldwork and laboratory research to understand ecological processes and the effects of human activity on ecosystems. Admission needs a Master's degree in ecology, biology, or a related discipline. Graduates work in academia, research institutions, government agencies, or non-governmental organizations to support environmental management, conservation efforts, policy formulation, and sustainability programs.
